Tuesday, July 27, 2010

Iodine Deficiency Effects

The effects of iodine deficiency are very dramatic mainly considering that this condition is the most prevalent dietary cause of injury of nervous system development causing cerebral diseases such as mental retardation and cerebral palsy. Iodine deficiency is directly related to thyroid dysfunction which in turn can lead to numerous medical problems. Weight gain and hypersensitivity to cold are common in patients with thyroid disease. An iodine deficiency is more prevalent in areas of the world where there is an insufficient amount of iodine available in the diet and in regions that grow food in soil that has a low level or is depleted of iodine. Acute iodine poisoning is actually very rare and only happens with dosages of several grams of iodine.

A severe iodine deficiency in pregnant women is extremely dangerous to the fetus as it can cause numerous birth defects and has also been associated with miscarriages and stillbirth.Chemicals containing iodine is used to clean dairy equipment in the United States. This, along with the addition of iodine to the feeds given to dairy cows has made dairy products another source of iodine in the American diet. It has been estimated by some medical doctors that 99.9 % of the people in the world are iodine deficient. It is widespread everywhere except in Japan where they use a lot of seaweed and kelp.The underlying problem in iodine deficiency is related to the inability of an organism to produce thyroid hormones adequately. Thyroid hormones have an essential role in the development of nervous system during prenatal stage.

Infants identified to be hypothyroid may be treated with either iodine if they suffer from the earlier stages of endemic cretinism or thyroxine if their thyroid gland is damaged, absent or unable to produce the required amounts of thyroid hormone. All of these problems can be averted through proper intake of iodine. However, the dietary allowance for iodine recommended by physicians and medical authorities in Australia is usually quite small at 150 micrograms per day when in fact up to 600 micrograms per day is more in accord with what the body actually needs for a healthy thyroid gland. Iodine, a nonmetallic trace mineral, and is required by humans for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. To meet the body's demand for thyroid hormones, the thyroid gland traps iodine from the blood and incorporates it into thyroid hormones that are stored and released into the circulation when needed.

It is evident that iodine deficiency contributes to low production of thyroid hormones in thyroid gland leading to a very identifiable hypothyroid syndrome characterized by specific signs and symptoms, however what is the extent of lesions affecting normal function and structure of nervous system in an individual?, Such question still remain unanswered. Indeed many people do need to reduce overall salt intake due to concerns about high salt consumptions impact on cardio-vascular health and hypertension (blood pressure) problems. High sodium intake can indeed lead to higher risk of stroke. A dietary lack of iodine may cause anemia, tireness, laziness, loss of interest in sex, a slow pulse, low blood pressure, and high blood cholesterol/triglyceride leading to heart disease.

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